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MBIO 3401 FINAL EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What is the definition of infection? - ....ANSWER ...-the entry and growth of a microorganism within a host What are the two possible outcomes of infection? - ....ANSWER ...-- disease: the microorganism produces symptoms and causes damage - colonizations: the microorganism persists without causing disease What is the difference between primary pathogen and opportunistic pathogen? ....ANSWER ...-- primary pathogen: regularly causes disease is at least some individuals with normal defenses - opportunistic pathogen: usually does not cause disease except in individuals with compromised defenses What is the definition of virulence? - ....ANSWER What is a virulence factor? - ....ANSWER ...-the degree of pathogenicity ...-specific properties of a pathogen that promote infection and disease From an ecological perspective, what types of symbiotic associations between organisms can occur, and what type does a pathogen-host interaction represent? ....ANSWER ...-- mutualism: both organisms benefit ...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1